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今天南京朗閣小編帶大家一起回顧一下6月26日的雅思閱讀考題，祝大家都能考個好成績哦，有需要學習雅思課程的可以在線咨詢雅思老師，現在暑假班正在火熱預報中哦。 P1 管理者究竟該做什么 P2 猴子和森林 P3 人類學家如何根據考古發現判斷人類思維發展進程 朗閣教師點評 1. 本場考試的難度中等偏上，配對題比重加大，在第一第二篇有大量的分類、配對、多選，第三篇的題型和話題也不會簡單。 2. 整體分析：涉及管理類(P1)、動物類(P2)、考古類(P3)。 本次考試第一篇是分類題+5選2 多選+判斷題，。 第二篇的話題是動物類，段落細節配對+地點配對+摘要填空。與劍橋16的北極熊等同類文章話題類似。 第三篇人類學家如何根據考古發現判斷人類思維發展進程，話題偏抽象，對理解能力有一定要求。 建議考生平時多涉獵科普類文章，拓展自己的話題廣度，中文英文都可以。 本次考試三篇文章中,P1和P2是機經原題。 3. 部分答案及參考文章： Passage 1：管理者究竟該做什么 分類題+5選2 多選+判斷題 文章概述：有一個人將經理的職能劃分為三類：type1：和人力有關;type2：collect information of rival and as a spokeman; type3：make decision 1-6 分類題 A：T1 B : T2 C : T3 1. 暫無 2. collect information of competitors 3. 決定公司funds的走向 4.暫無 5. 提供news to staff 6. recruit new staff 7-8 多選題(主人公的這種分類方法的positive effects in the last two paragraphs) Clearly definite the roles of managers 給后續的研究提供方向 9-10 多選題 Passage 2：猴子和森林 段落細節配對+地點配對+摘要填空 Monkeys and Forests AS AN EAST WIND blasts through a gap in the Cordillera de Tilaran, a rugged mountain range that splits northern Costa Rica in half, a female mantled howler monkey moves through the swaying trees of the forest canopy. Ken Glander, a primatologist from Duke University, gazes into the canopy, tracking the female's movements. Holding a dart gun, he waits with infinite patience for the right moment to shoot. With great care, Glander aims and fires. Hit in the rump, the monkey wobbles. This howler belongs to a population that has lived for decades at Hacienda La Pacifica, a working cattle ranch in Guanacaste province. Other native primates — white-faced capuchin monkeys and spider monkeys — once were common in this area, too, but vanished after the Pan-American Highway was built nearby in the 1950s. Most of the surrounding land was clear-cut for pasture. Howlers persist at La Pacifica, Glander explains, because they are leaf-eaters. They eat fruit, when it’s available but, unlike capuchin and spider monkeys, do not depend on large areas of fruiting trees. Howlers can survive anyplace you have half a dozen trees, because their eating habits are so flexible,” he says. In forests, life is an arms race between trees and the myriad creatures that feed on leaves. Plants have evolved a variety of chemical defenses, ranging from bad-tasting tannins, which bind with plant-produced nutrients, rendering them indigestible, to deadly poisons, such as alkaloids and cyanide. All primates, including humans, have some ability to handle plant toxins. “We can detoxify a dangerous poison known as caffeine, which is deadly to a lot of animals:” Glander says. For leaf-eaters, long-term exposure to a specific plant toxin can increase their ability to defuse the poison and absorb the leaf nutrients. The leaves that grow in regenerating forests, like those at La Pacifica, are actually more howler friendly than those produced by the undisturbed, centuries-old trees that survive farther south, in the Amazon Basin. In younger forests, trees put most of their limited energy into growing wood, leaves and fruit, so they produce much lower levels of toxin than do well- established, old-growth trees. The value of maturing forests to primates is a subject of study at Santa Rosa National Park, about 35 miles northwest of Hacienda La Pacifica. The park hosts populations not only of mantled howlers but also of white-faced capuchins and spider monkeys. Yet the forests there are young, most of them less than 50 years old. Capuchins were the first to begin using the reborn forests, when the trees were as young as 14 years. Howlers, larger and heavier than capuchins, need somewhat older trees, with limbs that can support their greater body weight. A working ranch at Hacienda La Pacifica also explain their population boom in Santa Rosa. “Howlers are more resilient than capuchins and spider monkeys for several reasons,” Fedigan explains. “They can live within a small home range, as long as the trees have the right food for them. Spider monkeys, on the other hand, occupy a huge home range, so they can’t make it in fragmented habitat.” Howlers also reproduce faster than do other monkey species in the area. Capuchins don’t bear their first young until about 7 years old, and spider monkeys do so even later, but howlers give birth for the first time at about 3.5 years of age. Also, while a female spider monkey will have a baby about once every four years, well-fed howlers can produce an infant every two years. The leaves howlers eat hold pEstrada believes the monkeys bring underappreciated benefits to such farms, dispersing the seeds of fig and other shade trees and fertilizing the soil with feces. He points out that howler monkeys live in shade coffee and cacao plantations in Nicaragua and Costa Rica as well as in Mexico. Spider monkeys also forage in such plantations, though they need nearby areas of forest to survive in the long term. He hopes that farmers will begin to see the advantages of associating with wild monkeys, which includes potential ecotourism projects. “Conservation is usually viewed as a conflict between agricultural practices and the need to preserve nature, ” Estrada says. “We’re moving away from that vision and beginning to consider ways in which agricultural activities may become a tool for the conservation of primates in human-modified landscapes.” 參考答案: 14-19 配對題 14. a reference of reduction in Forest inhabitant G 15. only one species of monkey survived while other two species were vanished A 16. a reason for howler monkey of choosing new leaves C 17. mention to howler monkey’s nutrient and eating habits B 18. a reference of asking farmers’ changing attitude toward wildlife I 19. the advantage for howler monkey’s flexibility living in a segmented habitat D 20-22 配對題 List of places A. Hacienda La Pacifica B. Santa Rosa National Park C. A cacao plantation in Tabasco, Mexico D. Estacion de Biologia Los Tuxtlas in Veracruz, Mexico E. Amazon Basin 20. howler monkey’s benefit to the local region’s agriculture C 21. original home for all three native monkeys A 22. a place where capuchins monkey comes for a better habitat B 23-27 填空題 The reasons for howlers monkey survive better - Howlers in La Pacifica since they can feed themselves with leaf when 23. fruit is not easily found. - Howlers have better ability to alleviate the 24. plant toxin, which old and young trees used to protect themselves. - When compared to that of spider monkeys and capuchin monkeys, the 25. reproduction rate of howlers is relatively faster. - The monkeys can survive away from open streams and water holes as the leaves howlers eat hold high content of 26. water, which ensure them to resist to continuous 27. drought in Guanacaste. Passage 3：人類學家如何根據考古發現判斷人類思維發展進程 題型：有待確認 考試預測 1. 本場考試出現了上次預測的多選和配對題型，大量的配對和選擇已經連續穩定出現，占比有上升趨勢。這兩種題型出現，不管話題和文章語言難度，對定位的要求或者文章段落理解的要求都會更高，一定注意合理分配做題時間，保證在規定時間內能夠盡量做多題。 2. 下場考試，考生注意單選和配對會大概率出現，單選或多選在第三篇出現的可能性較大。基礎題型判斷和填空，會零星出現。 3. 下場考試的話題可能有人文類，商業類和管理類。 4. 重點瀏覽2016到2020年機經。 (責任編輯：jasmine) |
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